to be angry with

ambō̆, bae, bo, num. ( nom. plur. ambo for ambae, Plaut. Merc. 2, 1, 7; acc. plur. orig. ambo, analog. to the Gr. amphô, but from the adj. use of the word ambos arose; acc. ambo is found in Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 8; 5, 1, 67; id. As. 3, 3, 121; id. Curc. 5, 3, 14; id. Cist. 2, 1, 49; id. Ep. 2, 2, 19; id. Bacch. 4, 8, 19; 5, 2, 69; id. Most. 3, 2, 140; id. Rud. 3, 5, 7; Afran. ap. Charis. p. 96 P.; Cic. (who never uses ambos) Fam. 5, 8; 9, 13; Caes. (who never uses ambos) B. C. 1, 48; Verg. (who never uses ambos) E. 6, 18; id. G. 4, 88; id. A. 12, 342; Hor. (who never uses ambos) S. 2, 3, 180; 2, 7, 62; Liv. 3, 62; 7, 19; 26, 7; 26, 26; 27, 27; 30, 14; 35, 22; 38, 53; 40, 46; 41, 18; 45, 19; Mart. 7, 40; Sil. 4, 175; 17, 427 al.; ambos is found in Afran. Com. Rel. p. 194 Rib. bis; Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 29; id. Ps. 1, 3, 21; Ter. (who never uses ambo) Eun. 5, 8, 39; id. Heaut. 4, 3, 33; 5, 2, 42; id. Ad. 1, 2, 51; 5, 9, 5; Prop. 3, 13, 18; Liv. 2, 10, 6; 22, 34, 10; Sall. (who never uses ambo) J. 21, 4; id. Fragm. 4, 19, 5 Kritz; Ov. (who never uses ambo) H. 10, 51; Tac. (who never uses ambo) A. 13, 54; Vulg. Tob. 3, 25; ib. Eph. 2, 16; cf. Charis. p. 95; Prisc. p. 744 P.; Rudd. I. p. 57; Kühn. ad Cic. Tusc. 1, 46, 110; Neue, Formenl. II. p. 145 sqq.) [amphô, amphoteroi, Paul. ex Fest. p. 4 Müll.; kindr. with Sanscr. ubhāu, dual nom. = ambo; Zend. uba; Slav. oba; Lith. abù; Goth. bai, bajōths; Germ. beide; Engl. both], both (of two objects whose duality is assumed as already known; when not already known, they are designated by duo. The difference between ambo and uterque is thus given by Charis. p. 49 P.: Ambo non est dicendum, nisi de his, qui uno tempore quid faciunt, utpote reges Eteocles et Polynices ambo perierunt quasi unā; Romulus autem et Africanus non ambo triumphārunt, sed uterque; quia diverso tempore).

Of objects naturally in pairs, as the parts of the body, both:

manusque ambas,

Verg. A. 6, 496; 10, 868:

ambas palmas,

id. ib. 5, 425;

10, 844: tinnient ambae aures ejus,

Vulg. 1 Reg. 3, 11; ib. 4 Reg. 21, 12:

circum unum ambove genua,

Plin. 28, 6, 17, § 59 (but even here we find duo:

sumes duos renes (vituli) et adipem,

Vulg. Exod. 29, 13; 29, 22:

duas manus,

ib. Matt. 18, 8 bis; 18, 9:

duae palmae manuum ejus,

ib. 1 Reg. 5, 4:

duorum luminum,

of both eyes, ib. Jud. 16, 28; so Shaksp., her two eyes, Love's Lab. Lost, iv. 3;

Haml. i. 4).—So of other things: Tristior illā Terra sub ambobus non jacet ulla polis,

Ov. P. 2, 7, 64:

Atridas Priamumque, et saevum ambobus Achillen,

angry with both parties, id. ib. 1, 458.—

In gen., of two objects and no more, the two, both: QVOM. PERORANT. AMBO. PRAESENTES. (i.e. actor et reus), Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 17, 2, 10:

consules, alter ambove, si eis videretur,

Cic. Phil. 5, 19, 53:

ambo accusandi estis,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 67:

jam hisce ambo, et servos et era, frustra sunt duo,

Plaut. Am. 3, 3, 19:

erroris ambo complebo,

id. ib. 1, 2, 8:

emit hosce ambos,

id. Capt. prol. 34:

ut eos ambos fallam,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 33; so Vulg. Tob. 3, 25:

hic, qui utrumque probat, ambobus debuit uti,

Cic. Fin. 2, 7, 20:

una salus ambobus erit,

Verg. A. 2, 710:

plebiscitis cautum, ne quis duos magistratus uno anno gereret, utique liceret consules ambos plebeios creari,

Liv. 7, 42:

Caesar atque Pompeius diversa sibi ambo consilia capiunt... eodemque die uterque eorum ex castris exercitum educunt,

Caes. B. C. 3, 30:

amborum verba,

Tac. A. 3, 35:

civitate Romanā ambos donavit,

id. ib. 13, 54:

ambo occisi,

Suet. Aug. 11:

errant autem ambo senes,

Vulg. Gen. 18, 11; ib. Matt. 15, 14:

applicuit ambos ad eum,

ib. Gen. 48, 13; ib. Eph. 2, 16.—

Poet. = duo:

partīs ubi se via findit in ambas,

into two, Verg. A. 6, 540.

stŏmăchor, ātus, 1, v. dep. n. and a. [stomachus, II.], to be irritated, peevish, pettish, vexed, angry, or out of humor; to fume, fret (class.; esp. freq. in Cic.; syn.: irascor, succenseo).

Neutr.:

si stomachabere et moleste feres, plura dicemus,

Cic. Fam. 15, 16, 3; so (with irasci) id. Brut. 95, 326.—With abl.:

jucundissimis tuis litteris stomachatus sum in extremo,

Cic. Fam. 10, 26, 1:

proximam stomachandi occasionem adripio,

Sen. Ep. 12, 2.—With quod:

non dubito, quin mirere atque etiam stomachere, quod tecum de eādem re agam saepius,

Cic. Att. 16, 16, F, § 17.— With si:

stomachabatur senex, si quid asperius dixeram,

Cic. N. D. 1, 33, 93.—With cum and abl.:

stomachari cum aliquo,

i.e. to quarrel with him, Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 267. —With ob and acc.:

cum prave sectum stomacheris ob unguem,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 104. —

Act., to be angry or vexed at any thing (very rare, and only with the general objects aliquid or omnia). stomachor omnia, Cic. Att. 14, 21, 3: si quid stomachor, August. ap. Suet. Tib. 21; cf.:

id equidem adveniens mecum stomachabar modo,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 32:

Venus stomachata biles Venereas,

nursing, App. M. 5, p. 172, 31.—Hence, * stŏmăchanter, adv., irritably, peevishly, pettishly: arridens, Aug Vit. Beat. med.

īrascor, īrātus ( act. collat. form īra-sco, ĕre, Pompon. and Nigid. ap. Non. 127, 8 sq.:

irascier,

Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 60), 3, v. dep. [ira], to be angry, to be in a rage (syn.: succenseo, indignor); constr. absol.; with dat., with in and acc., or acc. of pronouns (class.).

With dat. (so most freq.):

vehementer mihi,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 64:

tibi jure,

Ter. And. 2, 3, 20:

di inmortales hominibus irasci et succensere consuerunt,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 16, 46:

ego non tibi irascor, quod, etc.,

id. Sull. 18, 50:

miror, cur tu huic irascere,

id. Planc. 7, 17; id. Vat. 9, 21:

improbitati candidatorum,

id. Mil. 16, 42:

his irascebamur,

id. Lig. 11, 13; id. Sull. 17, 49:

ego tibi irascerer: tibi ego possem irasci?

id. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 1:

irasci amicis,

id. Phil. 8, 5:

inimicis,

Caes. B. C. 1, 8:

votis meis,

Ov. H. 1, 68:

patriae,

Nep. Epam. 7, 1:

admonitioni,

Quint. 2, 6, 3: erroribus, Sen. de Ira, 2, 10, 1.—

Absol.:

noli irascier,

Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 60:

de nihilo,

id. Truc. 4, 2, 56:

numquam sapiens irascitur,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 9, 19:

numquam irasci desinet sapiens, si semel coeperit, Sen. de Ira, 2, 9, 1: nec cuiquam irasci propiusque accedere virtus,

Verg. A. 10, 712:

irasci, quod ausi hoc essent superi,

Ov. M. 6, 269:

qui nesciat irasci,

Juv. 10, 360.—

With in and acc.:

an et in hunc fratrem irascitur,

Sen. Contr. 5, 32, 14:

iratus est Dominus in populum suum,

Vulg. Psa. 105, 40:

taurus irasci in cornua discit,

to gather his rage into his horns, Verg. G. 3, 232; id. A. 12, 104.—

With acc.: idne irascimini, si quis, etc., Cato ap. Gell. 7, 3:

nihil,

Gell. 19, 12, 10:

ne nostram vicem irascaris,

with us, Liv. 34, 32, 6.—

Rarely with pro: viri pro suorum injuriis, Sen. de Ira, 1, 12, 4. —

Transf., of inanim. subjects:

cum pelago ventus irascitur,

Petr. 104:

iratus est furor meus in te,

Vulg. Job, 42, 7:

irascetur furor eorum in nos,

ib. Psa. 123, 3.—Hence, īrātus, a, um, P. a., angered, enraged, angry, violent, furious (class.):

numquid iratus es mihi propter has res?

Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 30:

iratum adversario judicem facere,

Cic. de Or. 1, 51, 220:

quam ìratus de judicio, et de vilico!

id. Fl. 4, 11:

quamvis irata est, non hoc irata negabit,

Ov. M. 2, 568 al.:

cum sint tibi (convivi) irati,

Cic. Att. 16, 3, 1:

non existimo Marcellum ideo fortem fuisse, quia fuerit iratus,

id. Tusc. 4, 22, 49:

non quasi fortuitus nec ventorum rabie, sed iratus cadat in terras ignis,

Juv. 13, 226.— Comp.:

Archytas cum vilico factus esset iratior,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 36, 78.— Sup.:

Caesar illis fuerat iratissimus,

Cic. Phil. 8, 6, 19.—

Transf., of things, raging, violent, furious:

mare,

Hor. Epod. 2, 6:

venter,

ravening, id. S. 2, 8, 5:

sitis,

violent, Prop. 4 (5), 9, 62:

venti,

id. 4 (5), 6, 28:

sistrum,

Juv. 13, 93.— Adv.: īrātē, angrily, Phaedr. 4, 24, 14.— Comp.:

iratius,

Col. 7, 12, 5.

īrascor, īrātus ( act. collat. form īra-sco, ĕre, Pompon. and Nigid. ap. Non. 127, 8 sq.:

irascier,

Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 60), 3, v. dep. [ira], to be angry, to be in a rage (syn.: succenseo, indignor); constr. absol.; with dat., with in and acc., or acc. of pronouns (class.).

With dat. (so most freq.):

vehementer mihi,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 64:

tibi jure,

Ter. And. 2, 3, 20:

di inmortales hominibus irasci et succensere consuerunt,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 16, 46:

ego non tibi irascor, quod, etc.,

id. Sull. 18, 50:

miror, cur tu huic irascere,

id. Planc. 7, 17; id. Vat. 9, 21:

improbitati candidatorum,

id. Mil. 16, 42:

his irascebamur,

id. Lig. 11, 13; id. Sull. 17, 49:

ego tibi irascerer: tibi ego possem irasci?

id. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 1:

irasci amicis,

id. Phil. 8, 5:

inimicis,

Caes. B. C. 1, 8:

votis meis,

Ov. H. 1, 68:

patriae,

Nep. Epam. 7, 1:

admonitioni,

Quint. 2, 6, 3: erroribus, Sen. de Ira, 2, 10, 1.—

Absol.:

noli irascier,

Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 60:

de nihilo,

id. Truc. 4, 2, 56:

numquam sapiens irascitur,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 9, 19:

numquam irasci desinet sapiens, si semel coeperit, Sen. de Ira, 2, 9, 1: nec cuiquam irasci propiusque accedere virtus,

Verg. A. 10, 712:

irasci, quod ausi hoc essent superi,

Ov. M. 6, 269:

qui nesciat irasci,

Juv. 10, 360.—

With in and acc.:

an et in hunc fratrem irascitur,

Sen. Contr. 5, 32, 14:

iratus est Dominus in populum suum,

Vulg. Psa. 105, 40:

taurus irasci in cornua discit,

to gather his rage into his horns, Verg. G. 3, 232; id. A. 12, 104.—

With acc.: idne irascimini, si quis, etc., Cato ap. Gell. 7, 3:

nihil,

Gell. 19, 12, 10:

ne nostram vicem irascaris,

with us, Liv. 34, 32, 6.—

Rarely with pro: viri pro suorum injuriis, Sen. de Ira, 1, 12, 4. —

Transf., of inanim. subjects:

cum pelago ventus irascitur,

Petr. 104:

iratus est furor meus in te,

Vulg. Job, 42, 7:

irascetur furor eorum in nos,

ib. Psa. 123, 3.—Hence, īrātus, a, um, P. a., angered, enraged, angry, violent, furious (class.):

numquid iratus es mihi propter has res?

Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 30:

iratum adversario judicem facere,

Cic. de Or. 1, 51, 220:

quam ìratus de judicio, et de vilico!

id. Fl. 4, 11:

quamvis irata est, non hoc irata negabit,

Ov. M. 2, 568 al.:

cum sint tibi (convivi) irati,

Cic. Att. 16, 3, 1:

non existimo Marcellum ideo fortem fuisse, quia fuerit iratus,

id. Tusc. 4, 22, 49:

non quasi fortuitus nec ventorum rabie, sed iratus cadat in terras ignis,

Juv. 13, 226.— Comp.:

Archytas cum vilico factus esset iratior,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 36, 78.— Sup.:

Caesar illis fuerat iratissimus,

Cic. Phil. 8, 6, 19.—

Transf., of things, raging, violent, furious:

mare,

Hor. Epod. 2, 6:

venter,

ravening, id. S. 2, 8, 5:

sitis,

violent, Prop. 4 (5), 9, 62:

venti,

id. 4 (5), 6, 28:

sistrum,

Juv. 13, 93.— Adv.: īrātē, angrily, Phaedr. 4, 24, 14.— Comp.:

iratius,

Col. 7, 12, 5.

* * *

cēnseo (on the long e, v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, p. 257 sq.), ui, censum (late Lat. censitum, Cod. Just. 11, 47 tit.; 11, 49 tit.; 11, 47, 4 al.; but not in Monum. Ancyr.; cf. Neue, Formenl. 2, 557), 2, v. a. [etym. dub.; often referred to root cas-, whence carmen, camoenus; but prob. from centum, orig. centere, to hundred or number the people; cf. Fischer, Gram. 1, p. 373].

To tax, assess, rate, estimate.

In reference to the census (v. census).

Of the censor (v. censor).

Rarely act. with acc. of the persons or objects assessed or rated; but usu. pass., with subj. -nom.:

censores populi aevitates, suboles, familias, pecuniasque censento,

Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 7:

census quom sum, juratori recte rationem dedi,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 30:

censor ad quojus censionem, id est arbitrium, populus censeretur,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 81 Mull.:

census... indicat eum qui sit census se jam tum gessisse pro cive,

Cic. Arch. 5, 11: absentis censere jubere, P. Scipio ap. Gell. 5, 19, 16: ne absens censeare. Cic. Att. 1, 18, 8:

sub lustrum censeri,

id. ib.:

milia octoginta eo lustro civium censa dicuntur,

Liv. 1, 44, 2:

censa civium capita centum septendecim milia trecenta undeviginti,

id. 3, 24, 10; id. Epit. lib. 11; 13; 14:

censebantur ejus aetatis lustris ducena quinquagena milia capitum,

id. 9, 19, 2:

cum capitum liberorum censa essent CLII. milia,

Plin. 33, 1, 5, § 16: quid se vivere, quid in parte civium censeri, si... id obtinere universi non possint? Liv 7, 18, 5.—

With the amount at which the property was rated, in the acc.: or abl.:

praesertim census equestrem Summam nummorum,

being assessed with the estate necessary to a Roman knight, Hor. A. P. 383:

primae classis homines quicentum et viginti quinque milia aeris ampliusve censi erant... Ceterarumque omnium classium qui minore summa aeris censebantur,

Gell. 7 (6), 13, 1 sq.—Hence, capite censi, those who were assessed ac cording to their ability to labor: qui nullo [p. 312] aut perquam parvo aere censebantur capite censi vocabantur. Extremus autem census capite censorum aeris fuit trecentis septuaginta quinque, Jul. Paul. ap. Gell. 16, 10, 10; Sall. J. 86, 2; Gell. 16, 10, 11; 16, 10, 14; Val. Max. 2, 3, 1; 7, 6, 1;

and in the finite verb: omnia illius (i. e. sapientis) esse dicimus, cum... capite censebitur,

Sen. Ben. 7, 8, 1. —

Absol. in gerund.: censendi, censendo, ad censendum = census agendi, censui agendo, etc.: haec frequentia quae convenit ludorum censendique causa (i.e. census agendi causa, for the sake of the census), Cic. Verr. 1, 18, 54:

mentio inlata apud senatum est, rem operosam... suo proprio magistratu egere... cui arbitrium formulae censendi subiceretur,

the scheme for taking the census, Liv. 4, 8, 4:

quia is censendo finis factus est,

id. 1, 44, 2:

civis Romanos ad censendum ex provinciis in Italiam revocarunt,

Vell. 2, 15:

aetatem in censendo significare necesse est... aetas autem spectatur censendi tempore,

Dig. 50, 15, 3.—

Censum censere = censum agere, only in the gerundial dat.:

illud quaero, sintne illa praedia censui censendo, habeant jus civile,

are they subject to the census, Cic. Fl. 32, 80: censores... edixerunt, legem censui censendo dicturos esse ut, etc., that he would add a rule for the taking of the census, according to which, etc., Liv. 43, 14, 5: censui censendo agri proprie appellantur qui et emi et venire jure civili possunt, Paul. ex Fest. p. 58, 5 Mull.—

Of the assessment of the provinces under provincial officers (censores, and, under the later emperors, censitores).

Pass., with the territory as subject-nom.: quinto quoque anno Sicilia tota censetur;

erat censa praetore Paeducaeo... quintus annus cum in te praetorem incidisset, censa denuo est,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 56, § 139:

omne territorium censeatur quoties, etc.,

Cod. Just. 11, 58 (57), 4.—

The persons assessed as subject:

ubi (coloni) censiti atque educati natique sunt,

Cod. Just. 11, 48 (47), 6:

quos in locis eisdem censitos esse constabit,

ib. 11, 48 (47), 4.—With part. as attribute:

rusticos censitosque servos vendi,

Cod. Just. 11, 48 (47), 7.—

To determine by the census:

cum antea per singulos viros, per binas vero mulieres capitis norma sit censa,

Cod. Just. 11, 48 (47), 10:

nisi forte privilegio aliquo materna origo censeatur,

Dig. 50, 1, 1, § 2.—

Act. with acc.:

vos terras vestras levari censitione vultis, ego vero etiam aerem vestrum censere vellem,

Spart. Pescen. Nig. 7.—

Of the person assessed, to value, make a statement of one ' s property in the census.

Act. with acc.:

in qua tribu ista praedia censuisti?

Cic. Fl. 32, 80.—

Censeri, as dep. with acc.:

census es praeterea numeratae pecuniae CXXX. Census es mancipia Amyntae... Cum te audisset servos suos esse censum, constabat inter omnes, si aliena censendo Decianus sua facere posset, etc.,

Cic. Fl. 32, 80; cf. Ov. P. 1, 2, 140; v. B. 2. c.—

Hence, subst.: cēnsum, i, n.: quorum luxuries fortunata censa peperit, i.e. high estimates of property in the census, Cic. ap. Non. 202, 23 (Fragm. vol. xi. p. 134 B. and K.).

Transf., of things and persons in gen., to value, estimate, rate.

By a figure directly referring to the Roman census: aequo mendicus atque ille opulentissimus Censetur censu ad Acheruntem mortuus, will be rated by an equal census, i.e. in the same class, without considering their property, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 93: vos qui potestis ope vostra censerier, referring to a part of the audience, you, who may be rated according to your intelligence, analog. to capite censi (v. I. A. 1. b), id. Capt. prol. 15:

nam argumentum hoc hic censebitur,

will be rated, its census-class will be determined here, id. Poen. prol. 56: id in quoque optimum esse debet cui nascitur, quo censetur, according to which he is rated, i.e. his worth is determined, Sen. Ep. 76, 8.—And with two acc.: quintus Phosphorus, Junonia, immo Veneris stella censetur, is ranked as the fifth, App. de Mundo, p. 710.—

With direct reference to the census.

= aestimo, to estimate, weigh, value, appreciate.

With gen. of price:

dic ergo quanti censes?

Plaut. Rud. 4, 8, 8.—

In the pass.: si censenda nobis atque aestimanda res sit, utrum tandem pluris aestimemus pecuniam Pyrrhi? etc., if we have to weigh and estimate a thing, etc., Cic. Par. 6, 2, 48:

anule... In quo censendum nil nisi dantis amor,

Ov. Am. 2, 15, 2:

interim autem facta sola censenda dicit atque in judicium vocanda,

Gell. 7 (6), 3, 47.—

= honorari, celebrari, with de aliquo, = for the sake of somebody (in Ovid):

pro quibus ut maneat, de quo censeris, amicus, Comprecor, etc.,

the friend for the sake of whom you are celebrated, who is the cause of your renown, Ov. P. 2, 5, 73:

hoc domui debes de qua censeris,

id. ib. 3, 1, 75.—

Censeri, dep., = to distinguish, with acc. only once or twice in Ovid (v. I. A. 3. b):

hanc semper... Est inter comites Marcia censa suas,

has always distinguished her, Ov. P. 1, 2, 140.—

Censeri aliqua re.

= to be appreciated, distinguished, celebrated for some quality, as if the quality were a standard determining the census, analog. to capite censeri (v. I. A. 1. b), very freq. in post-class. writings:

Democritus cum divitiis censeri posset,

when he might have been celebrated for his wealth, Val. Max. 8, 7, ext. 4:

Aristides quo totius Graeciae justitia censetur (quo = cujus justitia),

id. 5, 3, ext. 3 med.: te custode matronalis stola censetur ( = tua, i.e. pudicitiae, custodia), the stola, etc., is appreciated for thy custody, id. 6, 1 prooem.:

una adhuc victoria Carius Metius censebatur,

Tac. Agr. 45:

ut ipsi quoque qui egerunt non aliis magis orationibus censeantur,

id. Dial. 39 fin.: non vitibus tantum censeri Chium, sed et operibus Anthermi filiorum, is celebrated not only for its grapes, but, etc., Plin. 36, 5, 2, § 12:

et Galliae censentur hoc reditu,

id. 19, 1, 2, § 7:

quisquis paulo vetustior miles, hic te commilitone censetur,

is distinguished for the fact that you were his fellow-soldier, Plin. Pan. 15 fin.:

multiplici variaque doctrina censebatur,

Suet. Gram. 10:

felix quae tali censetur munere tellus,

Mart. 9, 16, 5: censetur Apona Livio suo tellus, = for the fact that Livy was born there, id. 1, 61, 3:

hi duo longaevo censentur Nestore fundi,

for the fact that Nestor used them, id. 8, 6, 9:

nec laude virorum censeri contenta fuit (Iberia),

Claud. Laud. Seren. 67:

libri mei non alia laude carius censentur, quam quod judicio vestro comprobantur,

App. Flor. 4, 18, 3.—Hence,

= to be known by something (Appuleian):

hoc nomine censebatur jam meus dominus,

App. M. 8, p. 171:

nomen quo tu censeris aiebat,

id. ib. 5, p. 106: pro studio bibendi quo solo censetur, either known by, or distinguished for, id. Mag. p. 499:

globorum caelestium supremum esse eum qui inerrabili meatu censetur,

which is known by its unerring course, id. Phil. Nat. 1, p. 582.— And,

As gram. t. t., to be marked by some peculiarity, according to which a word is classified: neque de armis et moeniis infitias eo quin figura multitudinis perpetua censeantur, that they are marked by the form of constant plurality, i. e. that they are pluralia tantum, Gell. 19, 8, 5; 10, 20, 8; 19, 13, 3.

Of transactions in and by the Senate, to judge (in the meanings II. and III. the passive voice is not in class. use, while in I. the passive voice is by far the most freq.).

To be of opinion, to propose, to vote, to move, referring to the votes of the senators when asked for their opinions (sententiam dicere).

With a (passive) inf.-clause, denoting what should be decreed by the Senate (esse usu. omitted): rex his ferme verbis patres consulebat... Dic, inquit ei, quid censes? tum ille Puro pioque duello quaerendas (res) censeo, I am of the opinion ( I move, propose) that satisfaction should be sought, etc., ancient formula ap. Liv. 1, 32, 11 sq.:

primum igitur acta Caesaris servanda censeo,

Cic. Phil. 1, 7, 16:

hoc autem tempore ita censeo decernendum,

id. ib. 5, 17, 45; 5, 6, 16; 5, 12, 31; 5, 12, 34; 5, 13, 36; 5, 14, 38; 5, 19, 53; 6, 1, 2; 9, 6, 14; 11, 15, 40; 12, 7, 17; 14, 1, 1; 14, 13, 35; cf.

Regulus's advice in the Senate, being represented as a vote: captivos in senatu reddendos non censuit,

Cic. Off. 1, 13, 39; 3, 31, 111:

quare ita ego censeo... de confessis more majorum supplicium sumendum,

Sall. C. 52, 36; 51, 8; 52, 14:

Appius imperio consulari rem agendam censebat,

Liv. 2, 23, 15:

ut multi (senatores) delendam urbem censerent,

id. 9, 26, 3; 2, 29, 7; 3, 40, 13; 10, 12, 1; 34, 4, 20; 38, 54, 6: cum ejus diei senatus consulta aureis litteris figenda in curia censuisset, Tac. A. 3, 57:

ut nonnulli dedendum eum hostibus censuerint,

Suet. Caes. 24; so id. ib. 14; id. Aug. 100; id. Tib. 4; id. Calig. 60; id. Claud. 26; id. Ner. 2; id. Vesp. 2. Of the emperor's vote in the Senate:

commutandam censuit vocem, et pro peregrina nostratem requirendam,

Suet. Tib. 71; so id. ib. 34; id. Aug. 55.—And with the copula expressed (very rare):

qui censet eos... morte esse multandos,

Cic. Cat. 4, 4, 7.—Sometimes referring to sententia as subject:

sententia quae censebat reddenda bona (inst. of eorum qui censebant),

Liv. 2, 4, 3.—Sometimes with oportere for the gerundial predic. inf.:

quibusdam censentibus (eum) Romulum appellari oportere,

Suet. Aug. 7.—With pres. inf., inst. of a gerundial:

hac corona civica L. Gellius in senatu Ciceronem consulem donari a re publica censuit,

Gell. 5, 6, 15 (cf. II. B. 1. b.).—If the opinion of the senator does not refer to the chief question, but to incidental points, the predic. inf. may have any form:

eas leges quas M. Antonius tulisse dicitur omnes censeo per vim et contra auspicia latas, eisque legibus populum non teneri,

Cic. Phil. 5, 4, 10:

cum magna pars senatus... cum tyrannis bellum gerendum fuisse censerent... et urbem recipi, non capi, etc.,

Liv. 26, 32, 2.—

With ut, and negatively, ut ne or ne, generally when the clause has an active predicate, but also with passives instead of the gerundial inf.-clause:

de ea re ita censeo uti consules designati dent operam uti senatus Kal. Jan. tuto haberi possit,

Cic. Phil. 3, 15, 37:

censeo ut iis qui in exercitu Antonii sunt, ne sit ea res fraudi, si, etc.,

id. ib. 5, 12, 34:

censebant omnes fere (senatores) ut in Italia supplementum meis et Bibuli legionibus scriberetur,

id. Fam. 3, 3, 1:

Cn. Pompeius (in senatu) dixit, sese... censere ut ad senatus auctoritatem populi quoque Romani beneficium erga me adjungeretur,

id. Sest. 34, 74:

quas ob res ita censeo: eorum qui cum M. Antonio sunt, etc.... iis fraudi ne sit quod cum M. Antonio fuerint,

id. Phil. 8, 11, 33:

Calidius, qui censebat ut Pompeius in suas provincias proficisceretur,

Caes. B. C. 1, 2:

censuerunt quidam (senatores) ut Pannonicus, alii ut Invictus cognominaretur,

Suet. Tib. 17:

iterum censente ut Trebianis... concederetur (of the emperor's vote in the Senate),

id. ib. 31.—And an inf.-clause, with neu or ut:

sed ita censeo: publicandas eorum pecunias, etc.: neu quis postea de his ad senatum referat, etc.,

Sall. C. 51, 43:

qui partem bonorum publicandam, pars ut liberis relinqueretur, censuerat,

Tac. A. 4, 20.—

With a subj.-clause, without ut (rare in this connection;

v. III. C. 3.): K. Fabius censuit... occuparent patres ipsi suum munus facere, captivum agrum plebi quam maxime aequaliter darent,

Liv. 2, 48, 2.— And ironically with regard to incidental points: vereamini censeo ne... nimis aliquid severe statuisse videamini, I propose you should be afraid of having decreed too severe a punishment = of course, you will not be afraid, etc., Cic. Cat. 4, 6, 13: misereamini censeo—deliquere homines adulescentuli per ambitionem—atque etiam armatos dimittatis, I propose that you pity them, etc., or I advise you to be merciful, Sall. C. 52, 26.—

Ellipt., with a gerundial clause understood:

dic quid censes (i. e. decernendum),

Liv. 1, 32, 11: quod ego mea sententia censebam (i.e. decernendum), Cato ap. Cic. Fam. 15, 5, 2:

senati decretum fit, sicut ille censuerat,

Sall. C. 53, 1:

quas ob res ita censeo... senatui placere, etc. ( = ita decernendum censeo, etc.),

Cic. Phil. 9, 7, 15, § 17 sq.; 10, 11, 25 sq.; 11, 12, 29 sq.; 14, 14, 36 sq.—

= sententiam dicere, to tell, to express one ' s opinion in the Senate (post-class.).

Absol.: Priscus Helvidius.. contra studium ejus (sc. Vitellii) censuerat, had voted, or had expressed an opinion against his wishes, Tac. H. 2, 91:

cum parum sit, in senatu breviter censere, nisi, etc.,

id. Dial. 36 fin.:

sententias... prout libuisset perrogabat... ac si censendum magis quam adsentiendum esset,

Suet. Aug. 35:

igitur Cn. Piso, quo, inquit, loco censebis, Caesar? si primus, etc.,

Tac. A. 1, 74.—

With adjectives in the neuter, substantively used: nec quoquam reperto (in senatu) qui... referre aut censere aliquid auderet, who dared to express an opinion on any [p. 313] thing, Suet. Caes. 20:

per dissensionem diversa censentium,

of the senators who expressed different opinions, id. Claud. 10.—

With interrog. or rel.-clause:

deinde ageret senatorem et censeret quid corrigi aut mutari vellet,

Tac. A. 16, 28:

cum censeat aliquis (in senatu) quod ex parte mihi placeat,

Sen. Ep. 21, 9.

Of the decrees or resolutions of the Senate, = decernere, placere, to resolve, decree.

With inf.-clause.

With gerund, without copula (v. II. A. 1.):

eum, cujus supplicio senatus sollennes religiones expiandas saepe censuit,

Cic. Mil. 27, 73:

eos senatus non censuit redimendos,

id. Off. 3, 32, 114; so id. N. D. 2, 4, 10; id. Verr. 2, 3, 6, § 15:

senatus Caelium ab republica removendum censuit,

Caes. B. C. 3, 21:

senatus censuit frequens coloniam Labicos deducendam,

Liv. 4, 47, 6; 5, 24, 4:

cum bello persequendos Tusculanos patres censuissent,

id. 6, 25, 5; 3, 42, 6; 3, 49, 8; 7, 19, 7 et saep.—

With pres. inf. pass. or act., with the force of a gerundial:

de bonis regiis quae reddi antea censuerant ( = reddenda),

Liv. 2, 5, 1:

munera mitti legatis ex binis milibus aeris censuerunt (i.e. patres),

id. 43, 5, 8; so id. 45, 44, 15 (v. 2. b.):

eundem jus dicere Romae... patres censuerant,

id. 45, 12, 13:

cum senatus unum consulem, nominatimque Gnaeum Pompeium fieri censuisset,

Suet. Caes. 26.—With both act. and pass. inf.:

censuere patres, duas provincias Hispaniam rursus fieri... et Macedoniam Illyricumque eosdem... obtinere,

Liv. 45, 16, 1.—With both pres. pass. and gerund. inff.:

haec ita movere senatum, ut non expectanda comitia consuli censerent, sed dictatorem... dici,

Liv. 27, 5, 14.—

And with velle: senatus verbis nuntient, velle et censere eos ab armis discedere, etc.,

Sall. J. 21, 4.—

With ut or ne.

In the words of the Senate, according to formula: quod L. Opimius verba fecit de re publica, de ea re ita censuerunt uti L. Opimius consul rem publicam defenderet, etc., ancient S. C. ap. Cic. Phil. 8, 4, 14: quod, etc., de ea re ita censuerunt ut M. Pomponius praetor animadverteret curaretque ut si, etc., S. C. ap. Suet. Rhet. 1; Gell. 15, 4, 1.—And with gerundial inf.-clause: quod C. Julius pontifex... de ea re ita censuerunt, uti M. Antonius consul hostiis majoribus... procuraret... Ibus uti procurasset satis habendum censuerunt, S. C. ap. Gell. 4, 6, 2.—

As related by the historians, etc.:

quoniam senatus censuisset, uti quicunque Galliam provinciam obtineret... Aeduos defenderet,

Caes. B. G. 1, 35:

patres censuerunt uti consules provincias inter se compararent,

Liv. 30, 40, 12:

senatus censuit ut domus ei... publica impensa restitueretur,

Suet. Claud. 6;

so with reference to the civil law,

Dig. 49, 14, 15 quater. —With ne:

senatum censuisse, ne quis illo anno genitus educaretur,

Suet. Aug. 94.—And with inf -clause:

filio regis Nicomedi ex ea summa munera dari censuerunt, et ut victimae... praeberentur,

Liv. 45, 44, 15.—

With a subj.-clause (very rare):

senatus consulto quo censeretur, darent operam consules, etc.,

Aur. Vict. Vir. Ill. 73, 10.—

With neutr. acc. pron. in place of a clause:

cum vero id senatus frequens censuisset (sc. faciendum),

Cic. Pis. 8, 18:

ite in suffragium, et quae patres censuerunt vos jubete,

Liv. 31, 7, 14:

quodcunque vos censueritis,

id. 34, 7, 15:

quodpatres censuissent,

id. 28, 45, 2.—

With accusative of a noun, or a noun as passive subject, to decree or vote a thing (postclass.):

nec tamen repertum nisi ut effigies principum, aras deum, templa et arcus aliaque solita... censuere,

Tac. A. 3, 57:

aram Clementiae, aram Amicitiae, effigiesque... censuere,

id. ib. 4, 74: cum censeretur clipeus auro et magnitudine insignis inter auctores eloquentiae ( to be placed among, etc.), id. ib. 2, 83.—

With both acc. and dat.

The dat. = against:

bellum Samnitibus et patres censuerunt et populus jussit,

Liv. 10, 12, 3.—

The dat. = in behalf of:

censentur Ostorio triumphi insignia,

Tac. A. 12, 38.—And with ut:

sententiis eorum qui supplicationes et... vestem Principi triumphalem, utque ovans urbem iniret, effigiesque ejus... censuere,

id. ib. 13, 8.

Transf.

Of the opinions and resolutions of other deliberating bodies, or of their members, to resolve, or to be of opinion.

With inf.-clause.

Gerundial:

erant qui censerent de tertia vigilia in castra Cornelia recedendum (council of war),

Caes. B. C. 2, 30:

erant sententiae quae conandum omnibus modis castraque Vari oppugnanda censerent,

id. ib.; so id. ib. 2, 31; id. B. G. 2, 31 fin.; 7, 21; 7, 77:

pontifices, consules, patres conscripti mihi... pecunia publica aedificandam domum censuerunt,

Cic. Pis. 22, 52: nunc surgendum censeo, I move we adjourn (in a literary meeting), id. de Or. 2, 90, 367:

cum... pontifices solvendum religione populum censerent,

Liv. 5, 23, 9:

nunc has ruinas relinquendas non censerem (in an assembly of the people),

id. 5, 53, 3:

ego ita censeo, legatos extemplo Romam mittendos (in the Carthaginian Senate),

id. 21, 10, 13:

ante omnia Philippum et Macedonas in societatem belli... censeo deducendos esse (Hannibal in a council of war),

id. 36, 7, 3; 5, 36, 8; Curt. 10, 6, 22; 10, 8, 12:

cum septem judices cognovissent, duo censuerunt, reum exilio multandum, duo alii pecunia, tres reliqui capite puniendum,

Gell. 9, 15, 7.—And with oportere inst. of a gerundial clause (referring to duty):

neque sine gravi causa eum locum quem ceperant, dimitti censuerant oportere,

Caes. B. C. 1, 44.—With opus esse ( = expediency):

Parmenio furto, non proelio opus esse censebat,

Curt. 10, 8, 12.—

With ordinary pres. inf.

In place of a gerundial:

Antenor censet belli praecidere = praecidendam causam (in a council of war),

Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 9.—

Denoting opinion about an existing state:

Hasdrubal ultimam Hispaniae oram... ignaram adhuc Romanorum esse, eoque Carthaginiensibus satis fidam censebat,

Liv. 27, 20, 6:

Parmenio non alium locum proelio aptiorem esse censebat,

Curt. 3, 7, 8.—

With ut or ne:

censeo ut satis diu te putes requiesse et iter reliquum conficere pergas (in a literary meeting),

Cic. de Or. 2, 71, 290:

plerique censebant ut noctu iter facerent (council of war),

Caes. B. C. 1, 67:

et nunc magnopere censere, ut unam anum... triginta milibus talentum auri permutet (council of war),

Curt. 4, 11, 12:

censeout D. Claudius ex hac die deus fiat (council of the gods),

Sen. Lud. Mort. Claud. 9, 5: antiquos audio censuisse, ne (praenomina) cui ejusdem gentis patricio inderentur, resolved (family council), Gell. 9, 2, 11 (cf. Liv. 6, 20, 14).—

With subj.-clause:

nunc quoque arcessas censeo omnes navalis terrestrisque copias (Hannibal in council of war),

Liv. 36, 7, 17: censeo relinquamus nebulonem hunc, eamus hinc protinus Jovi Optimo Maximo gratulatum (assembly of the people), Scipio Afric. ap. Gell. 4, 18, 3.—

With acc. neutr. of a pron. or adj. substantively used:

ego pro sententia mea hoc censeo: quandoquidem, etc.,

Sen. Lud. Mort. Claud. 11, 4:

nec dubitavere quin vera censeret,

that his opinion was correct, Curt. 10, 6, 18.—

Ellipt.:

sententiis quarum pars deditionem, pars eruptionem censebat (i.e. faciendam),

Caes. B. G. 7, 77 init.:

ita uti censuerant Italici deditionem facit,

Sall. J. 26, 2; so Caes. B. G. 7, 75.

Of the orders of persons in authority (cf. II. B.).

Of commanders, etc., by courtesy, inst. of velle, imperare, or a direct imperative sentence.

With gerundial inf. - clause: non tam imperavi quam censui sumptus legatis quam maxime ad legem Corneliam decernendos, I said, not strictly as an order, but as an opinion that, etc. (Cicero as proconsul), Cic. Fam. 3, 10, 6.—

With subj.-clause: arma quae ad me missuri eratis, iis censeo armetis milites quos vobiscum habetis, you had better, etc., Pomp. ap. Cic. Att. 8, 12, A, 4. —

Of an order by the people (rare;

gen. populus jubet): ita id (foedus) ratum fore si populus censuisset (i. e. confirmandum esse),

Liv. 21, 19, 3.—

Of the later emperors, in their ordinances (censemus = placet nobis, sancimus, imperamus, from the custom of the earlier emperors, who conveyed their commands in the form of an opinion in the senate; v. II. A. 1.).—With inf.clause, ut, ne, and subj.-clause:

sex mensium spatium censemus debere servari,

Cod. Just. 11, 48 (47), 7:

censemus ut, etc.,

ib. 12, 37 (38), 13:

censemus ne, etc.,

ib. 12, 44 (45), 1: censemus vindicet, remaneat, ib. 11, 48 (47), 23:

in commune jubes si quid censesve tenendum, Primus jussa subi,

Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 296.

Of advice, given by one person to another (further development of III. A.).

Ante-class. formula: faciundum censeo = I advise, with ut-clause, with quid, sic, etc.: censeo faciundum ut quadringentos aliquos milites ad verrucam illam ire jubeas, etc., I advise you to order, etc., Cato ap. Gell. 3, 7, 6:

ego Tiresiam... consulam, Quid faciundum censeat,

consult Tiresias as to what he advises, for his advice, Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 80:

consulam hanc rem amicos quid faciundum censeant,

id. Men. 4, 3, 26; id. Most. 3, 1, 23:

sic faciundum censeo: Da isti cistellam, etc.,

id. Cist. 4, 2, 104:

ego sic faciundum censeo: me honestiu'st Quam te, etc.,

id. As. 4, 2, 11; id. Ep. 2, 2, 91:

sane faciundum censeo,

id. Stich. 4, 2, 38.—

With ordinary gerundial inf.-clauses:

narrandum ego istuc militi censebo,

I advise you to let the soldier know that, Plaut. Mil. 2, 4, 42:

exorando sumendam operam censeo,

id. Stich. 1, 2, 22:

quid nunc consili captandum censes?

id. As. 2, 2, 91; id. Mil. 5, 25; id. Most. 1, 3, 115:

idem tibi censeo faciendum,

Cic. Off. 10, 1, 3:

quos quidem tibi studiose et diligenter tractandos magno opere censeo,

id. Fin. 4, 28, 79; id. Fam. 12, 28, 2.—Sometimes by aequum censere with an inf.-clause (in the comic poets):

amicos consulam quo me modo Suspendere aequom censeant potissumum,

Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 50: qui homo cum animo... depugnat suo, Utrum ita se esse mavelit ut eum animus aequom censeat, An ita potius ut parentes... velint i. e. as his mind prompts him, id. Trin. 2, 2, 29; cf. E. 1. b. 8.—

With a subj.clause (so esp. with censeo in 1 st pers.): censen' hominem interrogem? do you advise me to ask the man? etc., Plaut. Poen. 3, 4, 20:

tu, si videbitur, ita censeo facias ut... supersedeas hoc labore itineris (cf.: faciundum censeo ut, 1. supra),

Cic. Fam. 4, 2, 4:

immo plane, inquam, Brute, legas (Gracchum) censeo,

id. Brut. 33, 125:

tu, si forte quid erit molestiae te ad Crassum et Calidium conferas censeo,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 7:

tu, censeo, tamen adhibeas Vettium,

id. Att. 2, 4, 7:

quae disputari de amicitia possunt, ab iis censeo petatis qui ista profitentur,

id. Lael. 5, 17: tu, censeo, Luceriam venias: nusquam eris tutius, Pomp. ap. Cic. Att. 8, 1, 1; 8, 11, A:

censeo Via Appia iter facias, et celeriter Brundusium venias,

id. ib. 8, 11, C: ad Caesarem mittas censeo, et ab eo hoc petas, Anton. ib. 10, 10, 2: sed hos tamen numeros censeo videas hodou parergon, Gell. 17, 20, 5:

quam scit uterque, libens censebo exerceat artem,

Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 44 (cf. Liv. 36, 7, 17, and Gell. 4, 18, 3, quoted III. A. 3.).—Of an advice given to an adversary, with irony:

cetera si qua putes te occultius facere posse... magnopere censeo desistas,

I strongly advise you to give up that idea, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 68, § 174:

sed tu, Acci, consideres censeo diligenter, utrum censorum judicium grave esse velis an Egnatii,

id. Clu. 48, 135:

postulant ut excipiantur haec inexplicabilia. Tribunum censeant: aliquem adeant: a me... numquam impetrabunt,

id. Ac. 2, 30, 97:

ibi quaeratis socios censeo, ubi Saguntina clades ignota est,

Liv. 21, 19, 10:

solvas censeo, Sexte, creditori,

Mart. 2, 13, 2.—And in jest:

Treviros vites censeo, audio capitalis esse,

Cic. Fam. 7, 13, 2:

hi Plebei fuerunt, quos contemnas censeo... qua re ad patres censeo revertare,

id. ib. 9, 21, 3:

vites censeo porticum Philippi: si te viderit Hercules, peristi,

Mart. 5, 49, 13; so id. ib. 11, 99, 8; 12, 61, 7.—For ironical senatorial advice, by which the contrary is meant, v. Cic. Cat. 4, 6, 13; Sall. C. 52, 26, quoted II. A. 3.—

With an ut-clause (with monere;

very rare): illud tamen vel tu me monuisse vel censuisse puta... ut tu quoque animum inducas, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 4, 8, 2.—

With a clause understood: quo me vortam nescio: Pa. Si deos salutas, dextrovorsum censeo (i.e. id facias or faciundum censeo), Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 70: quo redeam? Pe. Equidem ad phrygionem censeo (i. e. redeas), id. Men. 4, 2, 53:

quid nunc censes, Chrysale? (i. e. faciundum),

id. Bacch. 4, 8, 112:

ita faciam ut frater censuit,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 2, 11:

tibi igitur hoc censeo (i. e. faciendum): latendum tantisper ibidem, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 9, 2, 4: tu [p. 314] potes Kalendis spectare gladiatores, et ita censeo, id. ib. 16, 20:

quid censes igitur? Ecquidnam est tui consilii ad? etc.,

id. Att. 9, 12, 4: quid igitur censet (sapientia)? What is wisdom ' s advice? id. Phil. 13, 3, 6:

scribi quid placeat, quid censeas,

id. Att. 9, 19,4:

ibitur igitur, et ita quidem ut censes,

id. ib. 10, 15, 3:

disce, docendus adhuc, quae censet amiculus,

Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 3.

Of opinions and views on general questions, to be of opinion, think, believe, hold (cf.: statuo, existimo, puto, aio, dico; freq. in class. prose; very rare in post-class. writers except Gellius; never with ut, ne, or subj.-clause).

With inf.-clause:

Plato mundum esse factum censet a deo sempiternum,

Cic. Ac. 2, 37, 118:

Cyrenaici non omni malo aegritudinem effici censent, sed insperato,

id. Tusc. 3, 13, 28:

(Hieronymus) censet summum bonum esse sine ulla molestia vivere,

id. Fin. 2, 5, 16:

Aristoteles eos qui valetudinis causa furerent, censebat habere aliquid in animis praesagiens,

id. Div. 1, 38, 81:

Pythagoras censuit animum esse per naturam rerum omnem intentum et commeantem,

id. ib. 1, 11, 27; so id. Ac. 1, 11, 40; 2, 42, 131; id. Fin. 1, 6, 20; 3, 15, 49; 3, 19, 64; 3, 21, 70; 4, 7, 17; 5, 7, 17; id. N. D. 1, 2, 3; 1, 2, 4; 1, 12, 29; 1, 13, 35 and 37; 1, 43, 120; 1, 44, 121; 2, 22, 57; 2, 16, 44; id. Sen. 12, 41; id. Leg. 1, 13, 36; id. Tusc. 1, 9, 18; 1, 10, 22; 1, 30, 72; 1, 45, 108; 3, 5, 11; 3, 22, 52; 4, 7, 14; id. Off. 1, 25, 88:

Plato in civitate communis esse mulieres censuit,

Gell. 18, 2, 8; 14, 5, 2; 18, 1, 4; 19, 12, 6.—If the opinion refers to what should be observed, oportere or debere is used, or a gerundial predicate with esse (so in Cic., but in Gell. 7, 15, 3, without esse):

oportere delubra esse in urbibus censeo,

Cic. Leg. 2, 10, 26:

M. Varro aeditumum dici oportere censet,

Gell. 12, 10, 4; 14, 5, 2;

so with debere,

id. 17, 5, 5; 13, 8, 4:

Cyrenaici... virtutem censuerunt ob eam rem esse laudandam,

Cic. Off. 3, 33, 116:

(Ennius) non censet lugendam esse mortem quam immortalitas consequatur,

id. Sen. 20, 73.—

An inf.-clause understood:

(dissensio est), a quibus temporibus scribendi capiatur initium. Ego enim ab ultimis censeo (i. e. exordiendum esse),

Cic. Leg. 1, 3, 8:

si, Mimnermus uti censet, sine amore jocisque Nil est jucundum,

Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 65:

sic enim censuit,

Cic. Off. 3, 33, 117.—

With neutr. acc. of a pron.: hoc amplius censeo, in addition to the opinions mentioned I hold, etc., Sen. Vit. Beat. 3, 2:

nullo (medico) idem censente,

Plin. 29, 1, 5, § 11.—

With a rel.-clause:

Aesopus quae utilia... erant, non severe neque imperiose praecepit et censuit,

he imparted his teachings and views, Gell. 2, 29, 1.—

Absol.:

non adligo me ad unum aliquem ex Stoicis proceribus. Est et mihi censendi jus,

the right to impart my opinions, Sen. Vit. Beat. 3, 2.

In gen., = arbitror, puto, existimo, judico (cf.: idem enim valet censere et arbitrari, Varr. ap. Non. p. 519, 29: censere nunc significat putare, nunc suadere, nunc decernere, Paul. ex Fest. p. 54, 11 Mull.).

To judge, think, believe, suppose (freq. in ante-class. writings; very rare in Cic. except in the particular meanings, a.—ironically—and d.; always with inf.-clause expressed or understood).

In gen.:

atque ego censui abs te posse hoc me impetrare,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 12 sq.:

satis jam delusam censeo: rem, ut est, nunc eloquamur,

id. As. 3, 3, 141:

nam si honeste censeam te facere posse, suadeam,

id. Mil. 4, 8, 60:

neque ego hac noctem longiorem me vidisse censeo,

id. Am. 1, 1, 126:

saluti quod tibi esse censeo,

id. Merc. 1, 35; so id. Am. 4, 3, 2; id. Most. 1, 3, 127; id. Pers. 1, 1, 9; 2, 2, 8; 2, 3, 75 sq.; id. Truc. 2, 2, 60; id. As. 2, 2, 33; id. Aul. 2, 4, 30; 2, 4, 36; id. Cas. 2, 8, 38; Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 53; id. Phorm. 2, 2, 13: aut domino, cujum id censebis esse, reddes, Cincius, Re Mil. l. iii., de ap. Gell. 16, 4, 2:

eo namque omnem belli molem inclinaturam censebant (consules),

Liv. 7, 32, 3:

nec facturum aequa Samnitium populum censebant, si... oppugnarent,

id. 7, 31, 7:

quaeso ut ea quae dicam non a militibus imperatori dicta censeas,

id. 7, 13, 8:

at illa purgare se, quod quae utilia esse censebat... suasisset,

Curt. 8, 3, 7: Alexander, tam memorabili victoria laetus, qua sibi Orientis fines apertos esse censebat, id. 9, 1, 1; so id. 10, 8, 22.—

With reference to an erroneous opinion, to imagine, suppose, falsely believe:

censebam me effugisse a vita marituma Ne navigarem, etc.,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 108:

omnes eum (sc. Jovem) esse (Amphitruonem) censent servi,

id. Am. prol. 122, 134:

jam hic ero, quom illic censebis esse me,

id. ib. 3, 3, 14:

ardere censui aedes,

id. ib. 5, 1, 15:

ego hunc censebam esse te,

id. Men. 5, 9, 13; so id. As. 5, 2, 20; id. Aul. 3, 5, 55; id. Bacch. 1, 2, 14; id. Men. 3, 3, 32; 5, 9, 76; id. Merc. 1, 2, 87; id. Poen. 1, 1, 54; 3, 1, 60; 3, 4, 25; id. Rud. 2, 4, 31; 4, 7, 35; id. Stich. 4, 2, 24; id. Truc. 1, 1, 72 et saep.: censuit se regem Porsenam occidere, Cass. Hem. ap. Non. p. 4, 88:

non ipsa saxa magis sensu omni vacabant quam ille... cui se hic cruciatum censet optare,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107.—And ironically:

nisi forte Diagoram aut Theodorum... censes superstitiosos fuisse,

Cic. N. D. 1, 42, 117:

nisi forte etiam illi Semproniano senatus consulto me censes adfuisse, qui ne Romae quidem fui,

id. Fam. 12, 29, 2:

neminem me fortiorem esse censebam,

Curt. 8, 14, 42.—

Referring to what should take place.

With gerundial inf.-clause:

navis praedatoria, Abs qua cavendum nobis sane censeo,

Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 70:

soli gerundum censeo morem,

id. Most. 1, 3, 69:

neque vendundam censeo Quae libera est,

Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 39; so id. Eun. 4, 4, 53; 5, 8, 42; id. Hec. 4, 4, 94; id. Phorm. 2, 4, 17:

ceterum ei qui consilium adferret opem quoque in eam rem adferendam censebant esse,

Liv. 25, 11, 14.—

With oportere, debere, or an ordinary inf.-clause:

solam illi me soli censeo esse oportere obedientem,

Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 47:

quibus declaraveram, quo te animo censerem esse oportere, et quid tibi faciendum arbitrarer,

Cic. Fam. 4, 9, 1:

rursus interrogatus quid ipse victorem statuere debere censeret,

Curt. 8, 14, 43: impudens postulatio visa est, censere... ipsos id (bellum) advertere in se, agrosque suos pro alienis populandos obicere, to entertain the idea that they should direct that war against themselves and their own lands, etc., Liv. 21, 20, 4:

munere eum fungi prioris censet amici = eum fungi oportere,

Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 5:

quae nos quoque sustinere censebat,

App. M. 11, p. 253.—

By aequum censere with ordinary inf.clause, expressed or understood, either = it is fair ( right) to do something, or something ought or should be done (so very freq. in the comic poets and Livy; rare in other writers): non ego istunc me potius quam te metuere aequom censeo, I do not think it right to fear him, etc., Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 51: quid me aequom censes pro illa tibi dare? What do you think I should give as a fair price? etc., id. As. 1, 3, 76: meum animum tibi servitutem servire aequom censui, I thought it my duty that my mind should, etc., id. Trin. 2, 2, 27: ecquis est tandem qui vestrorum... aequom censeat poenas dare ob eam rem quod arguatur male facere voluisse? Cato ap. Gell. 6 (7), 3, 36:

quis aequum censeret... receptos in fidem non defendi?

Liv. 21, 19, 5; so id. 24, 37, 7; 5, 3, 8; 22, 32, 6.—And without emphasis upon the idea of fairness or right:

si sunt ita ut ego aequom censeo,

as I think they ought to be, Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 55; so id. Trin. 3, 2, 87; 2, 3, 1; id. Merc. 3, 3, 8; id. Aul. 4, 1, 11; id. Ep. 4, 1, 29; id. Stich. 2, 2, 20; 4, 1, 42:

qui aequom esse censeant, nos jam a pueris ilico nasci senes,

who believe that we should be born as old men right from childhood, Ter. Heaut. 2, 1, 2; so id. ib. 5, 5, 11; id. Ad. 4, 3, 10:

qui aequom censeant rem perniciosam utili praeponi,

Auct. Her. 2, 14, 22: (tribuni) intercedebant;

senatum quaerere de pecunia non relata in publicum... aequum censebant,

Liv. 38, 54, 5:

cives civibus parcere aequum censebat,

Nep. Thras. 2, 6.—

Very freq., esp. in Cic., when a question, rhetorical or real, is addressed to a second person, often referring to erroneous opinions:

an fores censebas nobis publicitus praeberier?

Plaut. Am. 4, 2, 7:

clanculum istaec te flagitia facere censebas potesse?

id. Men. 4, 2, 47:

hicine nos habitare censes?

id. Trin. 4, 3, 72:

omnes cinaedos esse censes, tu quia es?

id. Men. 3, 2, 48; so id. As. 2, 4, 78; 5, 2, 37; id. Bacch. 4, 6, 41; 5, 2. 82; id. Capt. 4, 2, 66; 4, 2, 74; 5, 2, 16; id. Cas. 2, 6, 29; id. Men. 5, 5, 25: continuo dari Tibi verba censes? Ter. And. 3, 2, 25; so id. ib. 3, 3, 13; 4, 4, 55; id. Heaut. 4, 3, 38; id. Hec. 4, 1, 32; 4, 4, 53; id. Phorm. 5, 6, 35:

adeone me delirare censes ut ista esse credam?

Cic. Tusc. 1, 6, 10:

nam cum in Graeco sermone haec... non videbantur, quid censes in Latino fore?

id. Fin. 3, 4, 15:

quid igitur censes? Apim illum nonne deum videri Aegyptiis?

id. N. D. 1, 29, 82:

quis haec neget esse utilia? quem censes?

id. Off. 3, 26, 99:

an censes me tantos labores... suscepturum fuisse, si, etc.,

id. Sen. 23, 82:

an vos Hirtium pacem velle censetis?

id. Phil. 12, 4, 9; so id. Brut. 50, 186; 85, 294; id. Tusc. 1, 5, 10 fin.; 2, 4, 11; 3, 13, 27; id. Fin. 1, 10, 34; id. N. D. 1, 8, 20; 1, 28, 78; 1, 44, 122; id. Leg. 2, 10, 23; id. Div. in Caecil. 16, 54; id. Phil. 1, 6, 13; 4, 3, 7; 7, 4, 14; 11, 1, 3; 11, 5, 10; 12, 3, 7; 12, 6, 13; 12, 8, 21; 12, 9, 22; 13, 2, 4; 14, 4, 10; id. Att. 10, 11, 4:

quid censes munera terrae?... quo spectanda modo, quo sensu credis et ore?

Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 5 sqq.; so id. ib. 2, 2, 65; Lucr. 1, 973 (with obj.inf.).—With conditional period inst. of an inf.-clause:

num censes faceret, filium nisi sciret eadem haec velle,

Ter. And. 3, 3, 46.—

Sometimes censemus? is used in the same way as censes?

Cic. Tusc. 1, 2, 4; id. Off. 2, 7, 25; id. Fam. 4, 9, 2.—

With an inf.clause understood: itane tu censes? Pa. Quid ego ni ita censeam? Plaut. Mil. 4, 3, 27: quid ergo censes? Tr. Quod rogas, Censeo, id. Rud. 4, 8, 7 sq.: quid illum censes? (i. e. eo loco facere?) Ter. And. 5, 2, 12:

quid illas censes? (i. e. posse dicere),

id. Ad. 4, 5, 22; so Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 59; Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 9; 5, 3, 21.—So, very freq. in the comic poets, censeo, absol., as an approving answer; also sic censeo, istuc censeo, ita censeo (Cic.) to be variously rendered: ego divinam rem intus faciam... So. Censeo, that will be right! Plaut. Am. 3, 3, 11: auscultemus quid agat: Ph. Sane censeo, so we will, indeed, id. Curc. 2, 2, 29: quid si recenti re aedis pultem? Ad. Censeo, do so! id. Poen. 3, 4, 18: quin eloquamur? Ag. Censeo, hercle, patrue, id. ib. 5, 4, 93: patri etiam gratulabor? Tr. Censeo, I think so (and after answering several questions with censeo): etiamne complectar ejus patrem? Tr. Non censeo. Pl. Nunc non censet quom volo, id. Rud. 4, 8, 6 sqq.; id. Ps. 2, 2, 69; id. Stich. 5, 4, 53; id. Truc. 2, 4, 73; id. Cas. 4, 3, 14; Ter. Eun. 2, 1, 11; id. Heaut. 3, 3, 27: male habeas! Mu. Sic censeo, Plaut. Men. 4, 1, 11: aliquem arripiamus, etc.: Ly. Hem, istuc censeo, id. Merc. 3, 3, 19 (cf.:

prorsus ita censeo, referring to general questions, as in D.,

Cic. Leg. 2, 10, 23);

once similarly censeas: Quid gravare? censeas!

Say yes, Plaut. Stich. 3, 2, 22.—

To resolve, as a merely mental act, with gerundial inf.-clause (rare; cf. II. B.): quibus rebus cognitis, Caesar maturandum sibi censuit, resolved to hasten, lit., thought he must hasten ( = statuit, existimavit), Caes. B. G. 7, 56 init.:

censuimus igitur amplius quaerendum,

Gell. 12, 14, 7.—

To consider, i. e. after carefully weighing the circumstances, with inf.-clause (rare):

sed cum censerem... me et periculum vitare posse, et temperatius dicere... ea causa mihi in Asiam proficiscendi fuit,

Cic. Brut. 91, 314.—

= pu tare, habere, judicare, to consider as, to hold, with two acc., or inf.-clause.

With double acc.:

quom dispicias tristem, frugi censeas (i.e. eum),

you would consider him thrifty, Plaut. Cas. 3, 2. 32:

auxilio vos dignos censet senatus,

considers you worthy of help, Liv. 7, 31, 2:

has... indagines cuppediarum majore detestatione dignas censebimus si, etc.,

Gell. 7 (6), 16, 6: cum Priscum nobilitas hostem patriae censuisset, judged, declared him the enemy, etc., Aur. Vict. Caes. 29, 4.—

In the pass. with nom. and inf., = haberi (in Manil. and Gell.):

praeter illas unam et viginti (comoedias) quae consensu omnium Plauti esse censebantur,

Gell. 3, 3, 3:

quae terrena censentur sidera sorte (i. e. esse),

are considered as being of the terrestrial kind, Manil. 2, 226; so id. 2, 293; 2, 653; 2, 667; 3, 96; so, sub aliquo censeri, to be considered as being under one ' s influence, id. 4, 246; 4, 705; cf. id. 3, 598 (with per).—

To wish, with subj.-clause or ne (in App.):

de coma pretiosi velleris floccum mihi confestim adferas censeo,

App. M. 6. [p. 315] p. 117:

censeo ne ulla cura os percolat,

id. Mag. p. 411.

censeo, ēre, = succenseo, to be angry: ne vobis censeam, si, etc., Varr. ap. Non. p. 267, 24.

cŭpĭo, īvi or ĭi, ītum, 3 ( imperf. subj. cŭpīret, Lucr. 1, 72; quoted ap. Non. p. 506 fin., and ap. Prisc. p. 879 P.), v. a. [Sanscr kup, to be in active motion, to be angry; cf. recupero], to long for a thing, to desire, wish (designating a natural, involuntary inclination, or an unbridled or passionate desire, while volo indicates an energetic will, and opto a deliberate wish or choice, Cic. Mil. 12, 32; Sen. Ep. 116, 2; cf. Klotz in Jahn's Neues Jahrb. 1834, II. p. 119 sq.; freq. in every per. and species of composition); constr. with acc., inf., acc. and inf., acc. and part., ut, ne, the gen., or absol.

In gen.

Lit., of persons.

With acc.:

quid istuc tam cupide cupis?

Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 49:

nec bonum illud esse, quod cupias ardenter,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 17, 39:

nuptias,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 12:

cupere eadem, eadem odisse,

Sall. J. 31, 14:

domum alius, alius agros,

id. C. 11. 4:

novas res,

id. J. 70, 1:

quanto plura parasti, Tanto plura cupis,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 148:

(magistratus, imperia, etc.) minime mihi hac tempestate cupienda videntur,

Sall. J. 3, 1; cf. Ov. Tr. 4, 4, 66 et saep.—In part. perf.: corde cupitus, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 20, 41:

cupitus atque exspectatus,

Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 104:

Mars videt hanc visamque cupit potiturque cupitā,

Ov. F. 3, 21:

cupitus aetatis flos,

Lucr. 3, 770;

5, 847: cujus rei semper cupitae,

Liv. 26, 7, 3; Tac. A. 4, 3 et saep.:

tandem huic cupitum contigit,

Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 116; so in neutr., Liv. 3, 37, 7; Tac. A. 6, 32; 14, 2 al.—

With inf. (so most freq.):

emori cupio,

Ter. Heant. 5, 2, 18:

vitam mutare,

Lucr. 5, 170; 1, 71:

te celare de phaleris,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 12, § 29:

audire cupio,

id. Caecin. 12, 33:

diem consumere,

id. Att. 4, 2, 4:

operam navare,

Caes. B. G. 2, 25 fin.:

proelium facere,

Sall. J. 57, 4 et saep.:

cum nostri quid sine imperatore efficere possent perspici cuperent,

Caes. B. G. 3, 21.—

With acc. and inf.:

te tuā frui virtute cupimus,

Cic. Brut. 97, 331; id. Fam. 1, 2, 2: cupio me esse clementem;

cupio in tantis rei publicae periculis me non dissolutum videri,

id. Cat. 1, 2, 4; cf.

Haase ad Reisig, Lect. p. 790: (Pausanias) se tecum affinitate conjungi cupit,

Nep. Paus. 2, 3.—

With acc. and part.: Cu. Quis nominat me? Ph. Qui te conventum cupit. Cu. Hau me magis cupis, quam te ego cupio, Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 25.—

With ut:

cupio ut impetret,

Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 34:

quin etiam necesse erit cupere et optare, ut peccet, etc.,

Cic. Lael. 16, 59:

responsum est mihi cupere quidem universos ut a me rationes coloniae legerentur,

Plin. Ep. 10, 47 (56), 1. —

With ne:

cupio, ne... habeant,

Plin. Ep. 5, 17, 6; cf. Ov. H. 6, 6.—

With subj. alone:

cupio te quoque sub idem tempus Campania tua remittat,

Plin. Ep. 5, 14 (15), 9.—

Absol.:

ubi nolis, cupiunt ultro,

Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 43:

qui cupit aut metuit,

Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 51;

so with metuo,

id. ib. 1, 6, 12; 1, 16, 65; cf. Cic. de Or. 2, 44, 185; 1, 1, 2:

cohortatus suos, omnibus cupientibus ad hostium castra contendit,

Caes. B. G. 3, 24; cf. id. ib. 3, 19 et saep.—

With gen.:

pol quamquam domi cupio, opperiar,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 23 Brix ad loc.; cf. P. a. a infra. —With gen. pers.:

quae (puellae) cupiunt tui,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 1, 17; cf.:

jam dudum vestri cupiunt Lucrina tacita,

Symm. Ep. 1, 8 init. —

Transf., of things:

asperiora vina rigari utique cupiunt,

Plin. 17, 26, 41, § 250.—

Pregn., to be well disposed, be favorable or inclined to one, to favor, to wish well, to be interested for, etc.:

favere et cupere Helvetiis propter eam affinitatem,

Caes. B. G. 1, 18; cf.:

quid ego Fundanio non cupio?

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 10:

ipsi Glycerio,

Ter. And. 5, 4, 2: cui maxime, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 4, 4:

cujus causā omnia cum cupio, tum mehercule etiam debeo,

Cic. Fam. 13, 75, 1; cf.:

causam mihi tradidit, quem suā causā cupere ac debere intellegebat,

id. Rosc. Am. 51, 149:

vehementer ejus causā,

id. Fam. 13, 64, 1:

qui istius causā cupiunt omnia, qui ab eo benignissime tractati sunt, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 73, § 180; cf. id. Div. in Caecil. 6, 21 Halm ad loc.—Hence the phrase cupio omnia quaevis, your wishes are mine; cf. the Engl., I am entirely at your service, Hor. S. 1, 9, 5.—Hence, cŭpĭens, entis, P. a., desiring, desirous, longing, eager for something (mostly ante- class. and post-Aug.; most freq. in Plaut. and Tac.).

With gen.:

corporis,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 7:

nuptiarum,

id. ib. 4, 4, 29:

tui (tua amica),

id. ib. 4, 2, 58:

liberorum,

Tac. A. 16, 6:

novarum rerum,

id. ib. 15, 46:

bonarum artium,

id. ib. 6, 46:

voluptatum,

id. ib. 14, 14:

erogandae pecuniae,

id. ib. 1, 75.— Comp., Aur. Vict. Caes. 24.— Sup.: cupientissimus legis, Sall. Fragm. ap. Diom. p. 291 P.—

Absol.:

ut quibusque bellum invitis aut cupientibus erat,

Tac. A. 1, 59.— Sup.:

Marius cupientissimā plebe consul factus,

Sall. J. 84, 1.— Adv.: cŭpĭenter, desirously, earnestly, eagerly, = cupide (only ante-class.): cupienter cupere, Enn. ap. Non. p. 91, 8 (Trag. Rel. v. 337 Vahl.):

discerpere membra,

Att. ib. p. 91, 6 (Trag. Rel. v. 543 Rib.):

petere,

Plaut. Ps. 2, 3, 17.

paenĭtĕo (less correctly poen-), ui, no sup., ēre, 2, v. a. and impers. [root in poena, q. v.; Gr. poinê].

Act., to cause to repent, to displease (anteclass. and late Lat.):

et me quidem haec conditio nunc non paenitet,

causes me no regret, Plaut. Stich. 1, 1, 50: quod male emptum est semper paenitet, Cat. ap. Plin. 18, 5, 6, § 26:

paenitemini et credite Evangelio,

repent, Vulg. Marc. 1, 15; id. Act. 3, 19.—

Neutr., to repent, be sorry:

momenta certaminum assuefaciebant militem minus jam tandem aut virtutis aut fortunae paenitere suae,

Liv. 22, 12, 10:

etiam nunc paenitere suā sponte Aequos quam pati hostilia malle,

id. 3, 2, 4:

Athenienses primi paenitere coeperunt,

Just. 11, 3, 3:

paenituit populus,

Vulg. Ecclus. 48, 16:

non vult paenitere,

id. Apoc. 2, 21.—Esp., in part. pres.:

Lepidus paenitens consili,

Sall. H. 1, 49 Dietsch:

paenitens facti,

Suet. Vit. 15; cf. id. Claud. 43 init.; cf. II. A. e and i infra.—

It repents one, etc., i. e. I, you, etc., repent; I, etc., repent, am sorry, grieve, rue, etc.

Aliquem alicujus rei:

non paenitere me consilii de tuā mansione,

Cic. Att. 9, 10, 8:

quem... in eam diem vitae non paenituerat,

Just. 13, 1, 5: neque te, neque quenquam arbitror tuae paeniturum laudis, App. ap. Non. 158, 5: galeatum sero duelli paenitet, Juv. 1, 170.—

Alicujus rei alone:

bonae mentis paenituisset,

Sen. Q. N 4, praef. 7:

paenitebatque modo consilii, modo paenitentiae ipsius,

Curt. 10, 7, 12.—

Aliquem alone:

si eos quidem non paeniteret,

Cic. Fam. 9, 5, 2.—

With acc. of person, foll. by inf.:

efficiunt ut me non didicisse minus paeniteat,

Cic. de Or. 2, 19, 77.—

With neutr. pron. as subj. (cf. I. B. supra; Zumpt, Gr. § 442, explains the pron. in these passages as acc., but v. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 876):

sapientis est nihil, quod paenitere possit, facere,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 28, 81:

sequitur ut nihil paeniteat,

id. ib. 5, 18, 53:

quaeri oportet utrum id facinus sit, quod paenitere fuerit necesse,

id. Inv. 2, 13, 43. —

Foll. by rel. adverb. clause:

etsi solet eum, cum aliquid fecit, paenitere,

Cic. Att. 8, 5, 1.—

With quod:

valde ego ipsi, quod de suā sententiā decesserit, paenitendum puto,

Cic. Att. 7, 3, 6:

paenitet quod non ab adultero coepi,

Quint. Decl. 335.—

With dat. of agent:

consilii nostri... nobis paenitendum,

Cic. Fam. 9, 5, 2.—

Absol.:

tanta vis fuit paenitendi,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 37, 79: corrigere errorem paenitendo, id. Fragm. ap. Lact. 6, 24:

Sallustius usque eo processit, ut non paeniturum pro non acturo paenitentiam dixerit,

Quint. 9, 3, 12:

paenitet et torqueor,

Ov. P. 1, 2, 60; Prud. Cath. 2, 26.—

It discontents or displeases one, i. e. one is vexed, angry, offended, dissatisfied (class.; cf. taedet).

Aliquem alicujus rei:

ut me imperii nostri paeniteret,

Cic. Rep. 6, 16, 16:

num hujusce te gloriae paenitebat?

id. Phil. 1, 13, 33; cf. id. Rep. 3, 35, 47:

num igitur, si ad centesimum annum vixisset, senectutis suae eum paeniteret?

id. Sen. 6, 19:

paenitere se virium suarum,

Liv. 8, 23:

paenituit multos vanae sterilisque cathedrae,

Juv. 7, 203.—

With quod and subj.:

se paenitere, quod animum tuum offenderit,

Cic. Att. 11, 13, 2.—

It concerns, is a care to, makes anxious, dissatisfies; and with negative, it is enough, satisfies (mostly anteclass.):

an paenitet te, quanto hic fuerit usui?

are you not satisfied? Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 71:

paenitetne te, quot ancillas alam?

id. Truc. 2, 6, 52: duas dabo, una si parum'st;

et si duarum paenitebit, addentur duae,

are not enough, not satisfactory, id. Stich. 4, 1, 34:

an paenitebat flagitii te auctore quod fecisset Adulescens?

was it not enough? Ter. Eun. 5, 6, 12; id. Heaut. 1, 1, 20; id. Phorm. 1, 3, 20:

an paenitet vos, quod salvum atque incolumem exercitum traduxerim?

Caes. B. C. 2, 32:

quod a senatu quanti fiam minime me paenitet,

Cic. Att. 1, 20, 2; cf.:

tam diu velle debebis (discere), quoad te quantum proficias non paenitebit,

id. Off. 1, 1, 2. —Hence,

paenĭtens, entis, P. a., repenting, repentant, penitent.

Absol.:

optimus est portus paenitenti mutatio consilii,

Cic. Phil. 12, 2, 7.—

With gen.: Lepidum paenitentem consilii, Sall. ap. Charis. p. 224 P.—

With de:

signa paenitentis de matrimonio dederat,

Suet. Claud. 43.— Hence, adv.: paenĭtenter, with regret, repentantly (late Lat.):

auguria paenitenter omissa,

Min. Fel. Oct. 26.—

paenĭ-tendus, a, um, to be repented of, blamable, objectionable (perh. not ante-Aug.).

Affirmatively:

itaque hic ager sive exercetur, seu cessat, colono est paenitendus,

Col. 3, 2:

paenitendae rei recordatio,

Sen. Brev. Vit. 10, 2.—

With a negative:

sub haud paenitendo magistro,

Liv. 1, 35, 5; 25, 6, 10; 40, 6, 3:

dicta non paenitenda,

Gell. 1, 3, 2:

gens Flavia reipublicae non paenitenda,

Suet. Vesp. 1.

paenĭtĕo (less correctly poen-), ui, no sup., ēre, 2, v. a. and impers. [root in poena, q. v.; Gr. poinê].

Act., to cause to repent, to displease (anteclass. and late Lat.):

et me quidem haec conditio nunc non paenitet,

causes me no regret, Plaut. Stich. 1, 1, 50: quod male emptum est semper paenitet, Cat. ap. Plin. 18, 5, 6, § 26:

paenitemini et credite Evangelio,

repent, Vulg. Marc. 1, 15; id. Act. 3, 19.—

Neutr., to repent, be sorry:

momenta certaminum assuefaciebant militem minus jam tandem aut virtutis aut fortunae paenitere suae,

Liv. 22, 12, 10:

etiam nunc paenitere suā sponte Aequos quam pati hostilia malle,

id. 3, 2, 4:

Athenienses primi paenitere coeperunt,

Just. 11, 3, 3:

paenituit populus,

Vulg. Ecclus. 48, 16:

non vult paenitere,

id. Apoc. 2, 21.—Esp., in part. pres.:

Lepidus paenitens consili,

Sall. H. 1, 49 Dietsch:

paenitens facti,

Suet. Vit. 15; cf. id. Claud. 43 init.; cf. II. A. e and i infra.—

It repents one, etc., i. e. I, you, etc., repent; I, etc., repent, am sorry, grieve, rue, etc.

Aliquem alicujus rei:

non paenitere me consilii de tuā mansione,

Cic. Att. 9, 10, 8:

quem... in eam diem vitae non paenituerat,

Just. 13, 1, 5: neque te, neque quenquam arbitror tuae paeniturum laudis, App. ap. Non. 158, 5: galeatum sero duelli paenitet, Juv. 1, 170.—

Alicujus rei alone:

bonae mentis paenituisset,

Sen. Q. N 4, praef. 7:

paenitebatque modo consilii, modo paenitentiae ipsius,

Curt. 10, 7, 12.—

Aliquem alone:

si eos quidem non paeniteret,

Cic. Fam. 9, 5, 2.—

With acc. of person, foll. by inf.:

efficiunt ut me non didicisse minus paeniteat,

Cic. de Or. 2, 19, 77.—

With neutr. pron. as subj. (cf. I. B. supra; Zumpt, Gr. § 442, explains the pron. in these passages as acc., but v. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 876):

sapientis est nihil, quod paenitere possit, facere,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 28, 81:

sequitur ut nihil paeniteat,

id. ib. 5, 18, 53:

quaeri oportet utrum id facinus sit, quod paenitere fuerit necesse,

id. Inv. 2, 13, 43. —

Foll. by rel. adverb. clause:

etsi solet eum, cum aliquid fecit, paenitere,

Cic. Att. 8, 5, 1.—

With quod:

valde ego ipsi, quod de suā sententiā decesserit, paenitendum puto,

Cic. Att. 7, 3, 6:

paenitet quod non ab adultero coepi,

Quint. Decl. 335.—

With dat. of agent:

consilii nostri... nobis paenitendum,

Cic. Fam. 9, 5, 2.—

Absol.:

tanta vis fuit paenitendi,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 37, 79: corrigere errorem paenitendo, id. Fragm. ap. Lact. 6, 24:

Sallustius usque eo processit, ut non paeniturum pro non acturo paenitentiam dixerit,

Quint. 9, 3, 12:

paenitet et torqueor,

Ov. P. 1, 2, 60; Prud. Cath. 2, 26.—

It discontents or displeases one, i. e. one is vexed, angry, offended, dissatisfied (class.; cf. taedet).

Aliquem alicujus rei:

ut me imperii nostri paeniteret,

Cic. Rep. 6, 16, 16:

num hujusce te gloriae paenitebat?

id. Phil. 1, 13, 33; cf. id. Rep. 3, 35, 47:

num igitur, si ad centesimum annum vixisset, senectutis suae eum paeniteret?

id. Sen. 6, 19:

paenitere se virium suarum,

Liv. 8, 23:

paenituit multos vanae sterilisque cathedrae,

Juv. 7, 203.—

With quod and subj.:

se paenitere, quod animum tuum offenderit,

Cic. Att. 11, 13, 2.—

It concerns, is a care to, makes anxious, dissatisfies; and with negative, it is enough, satisfies (mostly anteclass.):

an paenitet te, quanto hic fuerit usui?

are you not satisfied? Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 71:

paenitetne te, quot ancillas alam?

id. Truc. 2, 6, 52: duas dabo, una si parum'st;

et si duarum paenitebit, addentur duae,

are not enough, not satisfactory, id. Stich. 4, 1, 34:

an paenitebat flagitii te auctore quod fecisset Adulescens?

was it not enough? Ter. Eun. 5, 6, 12; id. Heaut. 1, 1, 20; id. Phorm. 1, 3, 20:

an paenitet vos, quod salvum atque incolumem exercitum traduxerim?

Caes. B. C. 2, 32:

quod a senatu quanti fiam minime me paenitet,

Cic. Att. 1, 20, 2; cf.:

tam diu velle debebis (discere), quoad te quantum proficias non paenitebit,

id. Off. 1, 1, 2. —Hence,

paenĭtens, entis, P. a., repenting, repentant, penitent.

Absol.:

optimus est portus paenitenti mutatio consilii,

Cic. Phil. 12, 2, 7.—

With gen.: Lepidum paenitentem consilii, Sall. ap. Charis. p. 224 P.—

With de:

signa paenitentis de matrimonio dederat,

Suet. Claud. 43.— Hence, adv.: paenĭtenter, with regret, repentantly (late Lat.):

auguria paenitenter omissa,

Min. Fel. Oct. 26.—

paenĭ-tendus, a, um, to be repented of, blamable, objectionable (perh. not ante-Aug.).

Affirmatively:

itaque hic ager sive exercetur, seu cessat, colono est paenitendus,

Col. 3, 2:

paenitendae rei recordatio,

Sen. Brev. Vit. 10, 2.—

With a negative:

sub haud paenitendo magistro,

Liv. 1, 35, 5; 25, 6, 10; 40, 6, 3:

dicta non paenitenda,

Gell. 1, 3, 2:

gens Flavia reipublicae non paenitenda,

Suet. Vesp. 1.

* * *

* * *

* * *

pĭgĕo, gŭi, and pĭgĭtum est, 2, v. a. [root pik-, to be angry; cf.: peccare, pejor (for pec-ior), pessimus (contr. from pējessimus); Gr. pikros, bitter], to feel annoyance or reluctance at; to repent of a thing.

As a verb. pers. (very rare): pudet quod turpe est; piget quod dolet, Donat. ap. Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 37:

poscis ab invitā verba pigenda lyra,

Prop. 5, 1, 74.—

Piget, piguit, or pigitum est, third pers. sing. impers., it irks, troubles, displeases, chagrins, afflicts, grieves, disgusts one; I ( thou, he, etc.), dislike, loathe, etc.; with acc. of the person and gen. of the thing; with inf.; with acc. and inf.; with two acc.; absol., etc. (cf. taedet).—With acc. and gen.: mea mater, tui me miseret, mei piget, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 31, 66 (Trag. v. 82): dolet pudetque Graium me et vero piget, id. ap. Non. 424, 3:

hortari pudet, non prodesse id piget,

id. ib. 424, 4: pudet pigetque mei me, id. Turp. 424, 5:

fratris me quidem Piget pudetque,

Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 37:

dum me civitatis morum piget taedetque,

Sall. J. 4, 9.—With subject-clause: non dedisse ipsum pudet;

me, quia non accepi, piget,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 47: nisi forte pudet aut piget recte facere, Sall. Or. contr. Lep. med.:

nam postea quae fecerit incertum habeo, pudeat magis an pigeat disserere,

id. J. 95, 4:

longos castrorum ferre dolores si piget,

Juv. 14, 199:

neque enim me piguit quaerere,

Petr. 127:

ut Silanum non piguerit sententiam suam interpretatione lenire,

Suet. Caes. 14:

nec pigitum parvos lares... subire,

Sil. 7, 173; Auct. ap. Gell. 13, 21:

non te pigeat visitare infirmum,

Vulg. Ecclus. 7, 39.—With neutr. pron.:

illud quod piget,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 47:

factum id esse non negat, Neque se id pigere,

Ter. Heaut. prol. 18.— Absol.:

oratione multitudo ad misericordiam inducitur, ad pudendum, ad pigendum,

Cic. Brut. 50, 188.—

Transf.

For poenitet, it repents one; I ( thou, he, etc.) repent (ante- and post-class.):

pigere interdum pro tardari, interdum pro poenitere poni solet,

Fest. p. 213 Müll.; Paul. ex Fest. p. 212 ib.:

ne quid plus minusve faxit, quod nos post pigeat,

Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 21:

pigere eum facti coepit,

Just. 12, 6, 5:

profecto vos hujus omnis injuriae pigeret,

App. M. 7, p. 199, 14.—

It makes one ashamed; I ( thou, he, etc.) am ashamed:

fateri pigebat,

Liv. 8, 2 fin.; App. Mag. p. 296, 18.

ăcer, ĕris, n. [kindred with Germ. Ahorn] (f. Serv. ap. Prisc. p. 698 P.), the maple-tree, Plin. 16, 15, 26, § 66 sq.—

Transf., the wood of the maple-tree, maplewood, used, on account of its hardness and firmness, for writing-tablets, Plin. 33, 11, 52, § 146; Ov. Am. 1, 11, 28.

ācer, cris, cre, adj. (m. acris, Enn.; f. acer, Naev. and Enn.; acrus, a um, Pall.; Veg.; cf. Charis. 63 and 93 P.) [cf. akis, akôn, akmê, akros, ôkus, oxus; Sanscr. acan = dart, acus = swift; Germ. Ecke; Engl. edge, to egg; and with change of quantity, ăcus, acuo, ăceo, ăcies, ăcerbus], sharp, pointed, piercing, and the like.

Prop., of the senses and things affecting them, sharp, dazzling, stinging, pungent, fine, piercing:

praestans valetudine, viribus, formā, acerrimis integerrimisque sensibus,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 15, 45. So,

Of the sight:

acerrimus sensus videndi,

Cic. de Or. 2, 87, 357:

acres oculi,

id. Planc. 27:

splendor,

Lucr. 4, 304:

quidam colores ruboris acerrimi,

Sen. Q. N. 1, 14 al. —

Of the hearing:

voce increpet acri?

Lucr. 3, 953:

aurium mensura, quod est acrius judicium et certius,

Cic. de Or. 3, 47:

acrem flammae sonitum,

Verg. G. 4, 409:

acri tibiā,

Hor. C. 1, 12, 1.—

Of smell, Lucr. 4, 122:

exstinctum lumen acri nidore offendit nares,

id. 6, 792; cf. ib. 1216:

unguentis minus diu delectemur summa et acerrima suavitate conditis, quam his moderatis,

Cic. de Or. 3, 25, 99:

odor,

Plin. 12, 17, 40.—

Of taste: ut vitet acria, ut est sinapi, cepa, allium, Var. ap. Non. 201, 13:

acres humores,

sharp juices, Cic. N. D. 2, 23:

lactuca innatat acri stomacho,

an acid stomach, Hor. S. 2, 4, 59; cf. ib. 2, 8, 7:

dulcibus cibis acres acutosque miscere,

Plin. Ep. 7, 3 al. —

Of sensation in its widest extent: aestatem auctumnus sequitur, post acer hiems fit, sharp, severe, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 647 P. (Ann. v. 406 ed. Vahl.—cf. Lucr. 3, 20; 4, 261); and so Hor.: solvitur acris hiems, C. 1. 4, 1. —

Of the internal states of the human system, violent, sharp, severe, gnawing:

fames, Naev. ap. Prisc. l. l. (B. Punic. p. 18 ed. Vahl.): somnus, Enn. ap. Prisc. l. l. (Ann. v. 369): morbus,

Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 119:

dolor,

Lucr. 6, 650:

sitis,

Tib. 1, 3, 77 al.

Of the states of mind: violent, vehement, passionate, consuming: mors amici subigit, quae mihi est senium multo acerrimum, Att. ap. Non. 2, 22:

acri ira percitus,

Lucr. 5, 400: cf. 3, 312;

6, 754 (on the contrary, 5, 1194: iras acerbas): acres curae,

Lucr. 3, 463, and Var. ap. Non. 241:

luctus,

ib. 87:

dolor,

Verg. A. 7, 291:

metus,

Lucr. 6, 1211; Verg. A. 1, 362:

amor,

Tib. 2, 6, 15:

acrior ad Venerem cupido,

Curt. 6, 5 al. (Among unpleasant sensations, acer designates a piercing, wounding by sharpness; but acerbus the rough, harsh, repugnant, repulsive.)—

Applied to the intellectual qualities, subtle, acute, penetrating, sagacious, shrewd:

acrem irritat virtutem animi,

Lucr. 1, 70:

acri judicio perpende,

id. 2, 1041:

memoria,

strong, retentive, Cic. de Or. 2, 87:

vir acri ingenio,

id. Or. 5; cf. id. Sest. 20 al. —

Applied to moral qualities.

In a good sense, active, ardent, eager, spirited, brave, zealous:

milites,

Cic. Cat. 2, 10:

civis acerrimus,

an ardent patriot, id. Fam. 10, 28:

defensor,

id. ib. 1, 1:

studio acriore esse,

id. de Or. 1, 21:

jam tum acer curas venientem extendit in annum rusticus,

Verg. G. 2, 405 al. —

In a bad sense, violent, hasty, hot, passionate, fierce, severe (very freq.):

uxor acerrima,

enraged, angry, Plaut. Merc. 4, 4, 56; Ter. Ph. 2, 1, 32:

dominos acres,

Lucr. 6, 63; Nep. Tim. 3, 5; cf. Bremi Nep. Eum. 11, 1. Also, of animals, Lucr. 4, 421; 5, 860; Verg. A. 4, 156; Hor. Epod. 12, 6; 2, 31; Nep. Eum. 11, 1. —

Of abstract things (mostly poet.), Ter. Ph. 2, 2, 32:

egestas,

Lucr. 3, 65:

poenas,

id. 6, 72:

impetus,

ib. 128; 392:

acerrimum bellum,

Cic. Balb. 6:

nox acerrima atque acerbissima,

id. Sull. 18:

acrius supplicium,

id. Cat. 1, 1; in Quint.: acres syllabae, which proceed from short to long, 9, 4.—Acer is constr. with abl., and also (esp. in the histt. of the silv. age) with gen., Vell. 1, 13; Tac. H. 2, 5 al.; cf. Ramsh. § 107, 6 note. With in, Cic. Fam. 8, 15; with inf., Sil. 3, 338.— Adv.: ācrĭter, sharply, strongly, vehemently, eagerly, zealously, etc., in all the signif. of the adj., Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 110; id. Ps. 1, 3, 39; Lucr. 6, 783; Cic. Tusc. 1, 30 al.— Comp., Lucr. 3, 54; 5, 1147; Hor. S. 2, 3, 92; Tac. A. 6, 45; 13, 3.— Sup., Cic. Fl. 11; id. Fam. 10, 28; 15, 4.—Also, ācre, Sall. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 132, 25; App. M. 10, 32; and perh. Pers. 4, 34.

in-dignor, ātus, 1 (archaic inf. indignarier for indignari, Lucr. 3, 870), v. dep. a. [in-dignus], to consider as unworthy or improper, to be angry or displeased at, to be indignant (syn. stomachor).

In gen. (class.).

With acc.:

se ipsum, Lucr. l. l.: ea, quae indignentur adversarii, tibi quoque indigna videri,

Cic. Inv. 1, 17, 24; Sen. Tranq. 10:

suam vicem,

Liv. 2, 31 fin.:

imperia,

Quint. 1, 3, 6:

casum insontis amici,

Verg. A. 2, 93 al. —

With quod:

indignantes milites, quod conspectum suum hostes ferre possent,

Caes. B. G. 7, 19, 4; Verg. A. 5, 651.—

With si: nos homunculi indignamur, si quis nostrum interiit, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 4; so Curt. 6, 5, 5.—

With inf. or acc. and inf.:

cedere peritis indignantur,

Quint. 1, 1, 8:

vinci,

Ov. M. 10, 604:

regem ad causam dicendam evocari,

Caes. B. C. 3, 108; so Sall. J. 31, 9; Quint. 10, 1, 101:

veteri parere clienti,

Juv. 5, 64 al. —

With dat. (only post-class.):

quique contaminationi non indignatur,

Dig. 48, 5, 2.—

Absol.:

utrum ridere audientes an indignari debuerint,

Quint. 6, 3, 83; so id. 11, 3, 58; 61; 123 al.—

Of inanim. and abstr. things:

(venti) indignantes Circum claustra fremunt,

Verg. A. 1, 55:

pontem indignatus Araxes,

disdaining to bear, id. ib. 8, 728:

indignatum magnis stridoribus aequor,

id. G. 2, 162.—

In partic., of wounds, to injure, damage:

ne tumentia indignentur,

Cael. Aur. Acut. 3, 3, 13.— Hence,

indignandus, a, um, P. a., that at which one should be indignant, deserving of indignation:

(vestis) lecto non indignanda saligno,

Ov. M. 8, 660; Val. Fl. 1, 547.—

indignans, antis, P. a., that cannot endure or suffer any thing, impatient, indignant (a favorite word of Ovid):

genus indignantissimum servitutis,

Col. 8, 17, 7:

verbaque quaerenti satis indignantia linguae Defuerunt,

Ov. M. 6, 584:

pectus,

id. F. 4, 896; cf.

corda,

Stat. Th. 3, 599:

bella gerunt venti, fretaque indignantia miscent,

Ov. M. 11, 491.— Adv.: indignanter, indignantly, with indignation (post-class.):

mussitare,

Arn. 3, 103:

ferre,

Amm. 15, 1, 3.

pecco, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a. [often referred to Sanscr. pāpa, pāpaka, wicked; but better to root pik-, to be angry; cf.: piget, pigeo, and Fick, Vergl. Wört. 632], to miss or mistake any thing; to do amiss, to transgress, to commit a fault, to offend, sin:

peccare est tamquam transilire lineas,

Cic. Par. 3, 1, 20:

alius magis alio vel peccat vel recte facit,

id. Fin. 3, 14, 48; id. Or. 47, 157:

peccare largiter,

to make a great mistake, Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 8; id. Ep. 3, 4, 53.—With acc.:

si unam peccavisses syllabam,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 29: aliquid, to offend in any respect:

plura in aliquā re,

Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 44:

Empedocles multa alia peccat,

Cic. N. D. 1, 12, 29:

eadem fere,

id. ib. 1, 12, 31:

talia peccandi jam mihi finis erit,

Ov. P. 3, 7, 10.—With in and acc.:

si quid in te peccavi... in me ipsum peccavi vehementius,

Cic. Att. 3, 15, 4:

in rem publicam,

id. ib. 7, 1, 3 (al. in re publicā).—With erga aliquem, Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 62.— In aliquo or in aliquā re:

quod in eo (Valerio) peccandi Germanis causa non esset,

Caes. B. G. 1, 47:

in servo necando semel peccatur,

Cic. Par. 3, 2, 25:

in hoc eodem peccat Hieronymus,

id. Fin. 2, 10, 32:

non modo in vitā sed saepissime et in poëmatis et in oratione peccatur,

id. Or. 21, 70.—With abl. alone:

et pecuniā et mollibus consultis,

Tac. A. 1, 40:

libidine,

Juv. 6, 135.—With dat. of person (late Lat.):

Domino,

Vulg. Deut. 1, 41; id. 2 Reg. 12, 13.— De aliquă re, Caecil. ap. Gell. 2, 23, 13.—

In partic., of sexual sin:

quid inter-Est in matronā, ancillā, peccesve togatā?

Hor. S. 1, 2, 63; Ov. H. 16, 295; Mart. 1, 35, 2.—

Transf., of animals and inanim. things, to fail, miscarry:

ne Peccet (equus) ad extremum ridendus,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 9:

unus de toto peccaverat orbe comarum Anulus,

Mart. 2, 66, 1:

si senseris vina peccatura,

Pall. 11, 14.—Hence, peccans, antis, P. a., sinful, full of sin:

unus dies bene actus peccanti immortalitati anteponendus,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 2, 5.— Comp.:

peccantius,

more faulty, worse, Cael. Aur. Acut. 3, 8, 88.—

As subst.: peccans, antis, comm., an offender, sinner: non prodest latere peccantibus. Sen. Ep. 97, 13:

peccantium poena,

id. ib. 97, 14:

ad officium peccantes redire cogeret,

Nep. Ages. 5, 3.— Adv.: peccanter, wrongly, incorrectly, falsely, Cael. Aur. Acut. 2, 9, 40:

definire aliquid,

id. ib. 3, 1, 5.

saevĭo, ii, ītum, 4 (old form of the imperf. saevibat, Lucr. 5, 1003; fut. saevibo, Mar. Vict. from Macr. 20, p. 443), v. n. [saevus], to be fierce or furious, to rage, to vent one's rage (very freq. since the Aug. per.; once in Cæs.; not in Cic.; but saevus and saevitia several times in Cic.).

Lit., of animals:

ubi equus saevit,

Lucr. 5, 1075:

(lupus) rabieque fameque,

Ov. M. 11, 369:

anguis,

Verg. G. 3, 434:

panthera,

Phaedr. 3, 2, 14:

leo,

Val. Fl. 6, 613 al.:

aper in pecudes,

Ov. M. 8, 296:

accipiter in omnes aves,

id. ib. 11, 345:

canes in alios saevientes,

Gell. 7, 1, 6.—

Esp., of the cries of enraged animals:

hinc exaudiri gemitus iraeque leonum,... atque in praesepibus ursi Saevire,

Verg. A. 7, 17 Forbig. ad loc. (cf. Rib. ad loc., who conjectures mugire):

agni balant, porcelli gruniunt, ursi saeviunt,

Spart. Get. 5.—

Transf., of any strong, passionate excitement, to rage, rave; to be furious, mad, violent, angry, etc. (cf.: furo, bacchor).

Of persons:

here mi, nimium saevis,

Plaut. Cas. 3, 5, 20; id. Truc. 5, 4; cf. id. Ps. 5, 1, 4:

ah, ne saevi tantopere,

Ter. And. 5, 2, 27:

ne saevi, magna sacerdos,

Verg. A. 6, 544:

si quid saeviunt senes,

Plaut. Ep. 5, 1, 51:

leniter qui saeviunt sapiunt magis,

who control their anger, id. Bacch. 3, 3, 4:

saevire Fortuna ac miscere omnia coepit,

Sall. C. 10, 1:

saeviens turba,

Liv. 8, 24:

seditionibus saevire,

id. 2, 44:

in delectibus saevire solitos,

id. 2, 44 Drak.:

(paedagogi) imperiosi atque interim saevientes,

Quint. 1, 1, 8:

saevire securibus,

Plin. Pan. 52, 4:

saevit animis ignobile vulgus,

Verg. A. 1, 149:

animis acerbis (with procedere longius iras),

id. ib. 5, 462:

pater ardens Saevit, quod, etc.,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 49:

saeviat atque novos moveat Fortuna tumultus,

id. ib. 2, 2, 126:

saevire in tergum et in cervices,

Liv. 3, 45:

in obsides innoxios,

id. 28, 34:

in delubra,

id. 31, 30:

in se ipsum,

id. 1, 53:

in conjuges ac liberos,

Tac. Agr. 38; id. A. 3, 31 fin.; Suet. Aug. 13; Ov. M. 4, 712 al.; cf.:

flagellis in aliquem,

Juv. 10, 180; and:

in se (corresp. to manus sibi inferre),

Dig. 29, 5, 1, § 22.— Poet., with dat.:

qui mihi nunc saevit,

Ov. H. 4, 148; Tib. 1, 2, 88.— Poet., with inf. (cf. saevus, II. A.):

cum manus impia saevit Sanguine Caesareo Romanum exstinguere nomen,

Ov. M. 1, 200.— Impers. pass.:

clade saevitum est,

Suet. Ner. 38:

constat Trojā captā in ceteros saevitum esse Trojanos,

Liv. 1, 1:

in aliquid (aliquem),

id. 34, 14; 41, 6; Vell. 2, 74, 44; Tac. Agr. 2; id. A. 1, 49; 4, 20; id. H. 2, 62 al.—

Of things:

saevit minaci murmure ventus,

Lucr. 1, 276; cf.:

frustra mare saepe coortum Saevibat,

id. 5, 1003:

dum longus inter saeviat Ilion Romamque pontus,

Hor. C. 3, 3, 37:

pelagus,

Tac. A. 15, 46:

mare ventis,

Sall. J. 78, 3: ventus, * Caes. B. G. 3, 13 fin.; cf.

Aufidus,

Hor. C. 4, 14, 27:

medius dies solstitio,

Sen. Hippol. 766:

venenum in praecordiis,

Hor. Epod. 3, 5:

gula,

Juv. 5, 94; cf.

venter (sc. fame),

App. M. 4, p. 145:

arbor stridoribus,

Sil. 13, 600:

cum tibi flagrans amor... Saeviet circa jecur ulcerosum,

Hor. C. 1, 25, 15:

saevit amor ferri,

Verg. A. 7, 461; 4, 532:

dolor in erepto amore,

Prop. 2, 8, 36 (8 b, 20):

dolor in praecordiis,

Petr. 17, 8:

ira in aliquem,

Ov. M. 14, 193:

quo fortuna magis saevit,

id. P. 2, 3, 51:

fames,

Val. Fl. 4, 499:

morbus,

Gell. 12, 5, 4: acerbus odor. Val. Fl. 4, 493:

acer hinnitus equorum,

Sil. 4, 97: oratio ferociens saeviensque (opp. demissa jacensque), Gell 1, 11, 15.